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Shipping conferences
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Shipping conferencesVarious shipowners who operate liner, rather than tramp, services have formed associations in various trades, and various areas of the world. These associations, or conferences, fix freight (supra) rates to prevent unfair price cutting and to ensure reasonable profits. Some nations consider such conferences and their price fixing to be monopolistic and unfair as well as being oppressive, because the conference presumably restricts the development of fleets of emerging nations. For this reason, the Convention on a Code of Conduct for Liner Conferences was adopted by UNCITRAL in 1974. Other nations feel that ocean carriage is already so competitive and risky that some international rules and rate fixing is needed to prevent unfair undercutting and other improper practices.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Liner
A vessel habitually employed on a regular schedule and loading and discharging at specified ports.
Freight
Maritim law, contracts. The sum agreed on for the hire of a ship, entirely or in part, for the carriage of goods from one port to another; note; but in, its more extensive sense it is applied to all rewards or compensation paid for the use of ships.
Price
contracts. The consideration in money given for the purchase of a thing.
Reasonable
Conformable or agreeable to reason; just; rational.
Profits
In general, by this term is understood the benefit which a man derives from a thing. It is more particularly applied to such benefit as arises from his labor and skill.
Nations
Nations or states are independent bodies politic; societies of men united together for the purpose of promoting their mutual safety and advantage by the joint efforts of their combined strength.
Well
A hole dug in the earth in order to obtain water.
Conference
1) Practice. It is the meeting of the parties or their attorneys in a cause, for the purpose of endeavoring to settle the same. 2) In legislation, when the senate and house of representatives cannot agree on a bill or resolution which it is desirable should be passed, committees are appointed by the two bodies respectively, who are called committees of confrence, and whose duty it is, if possible, to -reconcile the differences between them.
Reason
By reason is usually understood that power by which we distinguish truth from falsehood, and right from wrong; and by which we are enabled to combine means for the attainment of particular ends
Convention
1) Contracts, civil law. A general term which comprehends all kinds of contracts, treaties, pacts, or agreements. It is defined to be the consent of two or more persons to form with each other an engagement, or to dissolve or change one which they had previously formed. 2) , legislation. This term is applied to a selecting of the delegates elected by the people for other purposes than usual legislation. It is mostly used to denote all assembly to make or amend the constitution of, a state, but it sometimes indicates an assembly of the delegates of the people to nominate officers to be supported at an election.
Code
Legislation. Signifies in general a collection of laws. It is a name given by way of eminence to a collection of such laws made by the legislature.
Conduct
Law of nations. This term is used in the phrase safe conduct, to signify the security given, by authority of the government, under the great seal, to a stranger, for his quietly coming into and passing out of the territories over which it has jurisdiction.
UNCITRAL
The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) was established by a United Nations General Assembly Resolution in 1966. The aim of UNCITRAL is to harmonize and unify international trade law. It was instrumental in the preparation of the Hamburg Rules, 1978.
International
That which pertains to intercourse between nations. International law is that which regulates the intercourse between, or the relative rights of nations.
Rules
English law. The rules of the King's Bench and Fleet are certain limits without the actual walls of the prisons, where the prisoner, on proper security previously given to the marshal of the king's bench, or warden of the fleet, may reside; those limits are considered, for all legal and practical purposes, as merely a further extension of the prison walls.
Rate
A public valuation or assessment of every man's estate; or the ascertaining how much tax every one shall pay.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Ship
This word, in its most enlarged sense, signifies a vessel employed in navigation; for example, the terms the ship's papers, the ship's hushand, shipwreck, and the like, are employed whether the vessel referred to be a brig, a sloop, or a three-masted vessel.
Ship broker
One who transacts business between the owners of vessels and merchants who send cargoes.
Ship damages
In the charter parties with the English East India Company, these words occur; their meaning is damage from negligence, insufficiency or bad stowage in the ship.
Ship's husband
Maritime law. An agent appointed by the owner of a ship, and invested with authority to make the requisite repairs, and attend to the management, equipment, and other concerns of the ship he is usually authorized to act as the general agent of the owners, in relation to the ship in her home port.
Ship's papers
Those documents which are required on board of neutral ships, as evidence of their neutrality, These are the passports, sea-letter, muster-roll, charter party, bill of lading, invoices, log book, bill of health, register, and papers containing proofs of property.
Shipper
One who ships or puts goods on board of a vessel, to be carried to another place during her voyage. In general, the shipper is bound to pay for the hire of the vessel, or the freight of the goods.
Shipping articles
Contracts, Maritime law. The act of congress of July 20, 1790, s. 1, directs that a master of any vessel bound from a port in the United States to any foreign port, or of any vessel of fifty tons or upwards, bound from a port in one state to a port in any other than at adjoining state, shall, before he proceed on such voyage, make an agreement in writing or in print, with every seaman or mariner on board such vessel, (except such as shall be apprenticed or servant to himself or owners) declaring the voyage or voyages, term or terms of time, for which such seaman or mariner shall be shipped.
Shipping law unit
A specialized institute within the University of Cape Town, South Africa, providing teaching and research facilities in regard to private maritime law.
Shipwreck
The loss of a vessel at sea, either. by being swallowed up by the waves, by running against another vessel or thing at sea, or on the coast.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Ship
This word, in its most enlarged sense, signifies a vessel employed in navigation; for example, the terms the ship's papers, the ship's hushand, shipwreck, and the like, are employed whether the vessel referred to be a brig, a sloop, or a three-masted vessel.
Ship broker
One who transacts business between the owners of vessels and merchants who send cargoes.
Ship damages
In the charter parties with the English East India Company, these words occur; their meaning is damage from negligence, insufficiency or bad stowage in the ship.
Shipper
One who ships or puts goods on board of a vessel, to be carried to another place during her voyage. In general, the shipper is bound to pay for the hire of the vessel, or the freight of the goods.
Shipping articles
Contracts, Maritime law. The act of congress of July 20, 1790, s. 1, directs that a master of any vessel bound from a port in the United States to any foreign port, or of any vessel of fifty tons or upwards, bound from a port in one state to a port in any other than at adjoining state, shall, before he proceed on such voyage, make an agreement in writing or in print, with every seaman or mariner on board such vessel, (except such as shall be apprenticed or servant to himself or owners) declaring the voyage or voyages, term or terms of time, for which such seaman or mariner shall be shipped.
Shipping conferences
Shipping law unit
A specialized institute within the University of Cape Town, South Africa, providing teaching and research facilities in regard to private maritime law.
Ship's husband
Maritime law. An agent appointed by the owner of a ship, and invested with authority to make the requisite repairs, and attend to the management, equipment, and other concerns of the ship he is usually authorized to act as the general agent of the owners, in relation to the ship in her home port.
Ship's papers
Those documents which are required on board of neutral ships, as evidence of their neutrality, These are the passports, sea-letter, muster-roll, charter party, bill of lading, invoices, log book, bill of health, register, and papers containing proofs of property.
Shipwreck
The loss of a vessel at sea, either. by being swallowed up by the waves, by running against another vessel or thing at sea, or on the coast.
Shire, eng
English law. A district or division of country.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Liner
A vessel habitually employed on a regular schedule and loading and discharging at specified ports.
Freight
Maritim law, contracts. The sum agreed on for the hire of a ship, entirely or in part, for the carriage of goods from one port to another; note; but in, its more extensive sense it is applied to all rewards or compensation paid for the use of ships.
Price
contracts. The consideration in money given for the purchase of a thing.
Reasonable
Conformable or agreeable to reason; just; rational.
Profits
In general, by this term is understood the benefit which a man derives from a thing. It is more particularly applied to such benefit as arises from his labor and skill.
Nations
Nations or states are independent bodies politic; societies of men united together for the purpose of promoting their mutual safety and advantage by the joint efforts of their combined strength.
Well
A hole dug in the earth in order to obtain water.
Conference
1) Practice. It is the meeting of the parties or their attorneys in a cause, for the purpose of endeavoring to settle the same. 2) In legislation, when the senate and house of representatives cannot agree on a bill or resolution which it is desirable should be passed, committees are appointed by the two bodies respectively, who are called committees of confrence, and whose duty it is, if possible, to -reconcile the differences between them.
Reason
By reason is usually understood that power by which we distinguish truth from falsehood, and right from wrong; and by which we are enabled to combine means for the attainment of particular ends
Convention
1) Contracts, civil law. A general term which comprehends all kinds of contracts, treaties, pacts, or agreements. It is defined to be the consent of two or more persons to form with each other an engagement, or to dissolve or change one which they had previously formed. 2) , legislation. This term is applied to a selecting of the delegates elected by the people for other purposes than usual legislation. It is mostly used to denote all assembly to make or amend the constitution of, a state, but it sometimes indicates an assembly of the delegates of the people to nominate officers to be supported at an election.
Code
Legislation. Signifies in general a collection of laws. It is a name given by way of eminence to a collection of such laws made by the legislature.
Conduct
Law of nations. This term is used in the phrase safe conduct, to signify the security given, by authority of the government, under the great seal, to a stranger, for his quietly coming into and passing out of the territories over which it has jurisdiction.
UNCITRAL
The United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) was established by a United Nations General Assembly Resolution in 1966. The aim of UNCITRAL is to harmonize and unify international trade law. It was instrumental in the preparation of the Hamburg Rules, 1978.
International
That which pertains to intercourse between nations. International law is that which regulates the intercourse between, or the relative rights of nations.
Rules
English law. The rules of the King's Bench and Fleet are certain limits without the actual walls of the prisons, where the prisoner, on proper security previously given to the marshal of the king's bench, or warden of the fleet, may reside; those limits are considered, for all legal and practical purposes, as merely a further extension of the prison walls.
Rate
A public valuation or assessment of every man's estate; or the ascertaining how much tax every one shall pay.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Ship
This word, in its most enlarged sense, signifies a vessel employed in navigation; for example, the terms the ship's papers, the ship's hushand, shipwreck, and the like, are employed whether the vessel referred to be a brig, a sloop, or a three-masted vessel.
Ship broker
One who transacts business between the owners of vessels and merchants who send cargoes.
Ship damages
In the charter parties with the English East India Company, these words occur; their meaning is damage from negligence, insufficiency or bad stowage in the ship.
Ship's husband
Maritime law. An agent appointed by the owner of a ship, and invested with authority to make the requisite repairs, and attend to the management, equipment, and other concerns of the ship he is usually authorized to act as the general agent of the owners, in relation to the ship in her home port.
Ship's papers
Those documents which are required on board of neutral ships, as evidence of their neutrality, These are the passports, sea-letter, muster-roll, charter party, bill of lading, invoices, log book, bill of health, register, and papers containing proofs of property.
Shipper
One who ships or puts goods on board of a vessel, to be carried to another place during her voyage. In general, the shipper is bound to pay for the hire of the vessel, or the freight of the goods.
Shipping articles
Contracts, Maritime law. The act of congress of July 20, 1790, s. 1, directs that a master of any vessel bound from a port in the United States to any foreign port, or of any vessel of fifty tons or upwards, bound from a port in one state to a port in any other than at adjoining state, shall, before he proceed on such voyage, make an agreement in writing or in print, with every seaman or mariner on board such vessel, (except such as shall be apprenticed or servant to himself or owners) declaring the voyage or voyages, term or terms of time, for which such seaman or mariner shall be shipped.
Shipping law unit
A specialized institute within the University of Cape Town, South Africa, providing teaching and research facilities in regard to private maritime law.
Shipwreck
The loss of a vessel at sea, either. by being swallowed up by the waves, by running against another vessel or thing at sea, or on the coast.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Ship
This word, in its most enlarged sense, signifies a vessel employed in navigation; for example, the terms the ship's papers, the ship's hushand, shipwreck, and the like, are employed whether the vessel referred to be a brig, a sloop, or a three-masted vessel.
Ship broker
One who transacts business between the owners of vessels and merchants who send cargoes.
Ship damages
In the charter parties with the English East India Company, these words occur; their meaning is damage from negligence, insufficiency or bad stowage in the ship.
Shipper
One who ships or puts goods on board of a vessel, to be carried to another place during her voyage. In general, the shipper is bound to pay for the hire of the vessel, or the freight of the goods.
Shipping articles
Contracts, Maritime law. The act of congress of July 20, 1790, s. 1, directs that a master of any vessel bound from a port in the United States to any foreign port, or of any vessel of fifty tons or upwards, bound from a port in one state to a port in any other than at adjoining state, shall, before he proceed on such voyage, make an agreement in writing or in print, with every seaman or mariner on board such vessel, (except such as shall be apprenticed or servant to himself or owners) declaring the voyage or voyages, term or terms of time, for which such seaman or mariner shall be shipped.
Shipping conferences
Shipping law unit
A specialized institute within the University of Cape Town, South Africa, providing teaching and research facilities in regard to private maritime law.
Ship's husband
Maritime law. An agent appointed by the owner of a ship, and invested with authority to make the requisite repairs, and attend to the management, equipment, and other concerns of the ship he is usually authorized to act as the general agent of the owners, in relation to the ship in her home port.
Ship's papers
Those documents which are required on board of neutral ships, as evidence of their neutrality, These are the passports, sea-letter, muster-roll, charter party, bill of lading, invoices, log book, bill of health, register, and papers containing proofs of property.
Shipwreck
The loss of a vessel at sea, either. by being swallowed up by the waves, by running against another vessel or thing at sea, or on the coast.
Shire, eng
English law. A district or division of country.
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This dictionary contains 8526 terms.
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