Juridical Dictionary

This dictionary contains:
8526
juridical terms

Postage stamps




Postage stamps

The act of congress, approved March 3, 1847, and the act of congress of March 3, 1841, provide that, to facilitate the transportation of letters in the mail, the postmaster general be authorized to prepare postage, stamps, which, when attached to any letter or packet, shall be evidence of the payment of the postage, chargeable on such letter. The same sections declare that any person who shall falsely or fraudulently make, utter, or, forge any postage stamp, with the intent to defraud the post office department, shall be deemed guilty of felony, and be punished by a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars, or by imprisonment not exceeding five years, or by both such fine and imprisonment.

RELATED TERMS
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Congress
Med. juris. This name was anciently given in France, England, and other countries, to the-indecent intercourse between married persons, in the presence of witnesses appointed by the courts, in cases when the husband or wife was charged by the other with impotence.

Transportation
Punishment. In the English law, this punishment is inflicted by virtue of sundry statutes; it was unknown to the common law. 2 H. Bl. 223. It is a part of the judgment or sentence of the court, that the party shall be transported or sent into exile.

Mail
This word, derived from the French malle, a trunk, signifies the bag, valise, or other contrivance used in conveying through the post office, letters, packets, newspapers, pamphlets, and the like, from place to place, under the authority of the United States. The things thus carried are also called the mail.

Postmaster
An officer of the United States appointed by the postmaster general to hold his office. during the, plaasure of the former. Before entering on the duties of his office, he is required to give bond with surety to be approved by the postmaster general.

General
1) A principal officer, particularly in the army. 2) Something opposed to special; as, a general verdict, the general issue, which expressions are used in contradistinction to special verdict, special issue. 3) Principal, as the general post office. 4) Not select, as a general ship. 5) Not particular, as a general custom. 5) Not limited, as general jurisdiction. 7) This word is sometimes annexed or prefixed to other words to express or limit the extent of their signification; as Attorney General, Solicitor General, the General Assembly.

Postage
The money charged by law for carrying letters, packets and documents by mail.

When
1) At which time, in wills, standing by itself unqualified and unexplained, this is a word of condition denoting the time at which the gift is to continence. 2) The context of a will may show that the word when is to be applied to the possession only, not to the vesting of a legacy; but to justify this construction, there must be circumstances, or other expressions in the will, showing such to have been the testator's intent.

Letter
1) Common law, criminal law. An epistle; a despatch; a written message, usually on paper, which is folded up and sealed, sent by one person to another. 2) Contracts. In the civil law, locator, and in the French law, locateur, loueur, or bailleur, is he who, being the owner of a thing, lets it out to another for hire or compensation. 3) Civil law. The answer which the prince gave to questions of law which had been submitted to him by magistrates, was called letters or epistles. 4) Missive, English law. After a bill has been filed against a peer or peeress, or lord of parliament, a petition is presented to the lord chancellor for his letter, called a letter missive, which requests the defendant to appear and answer to the bill. A neglect to attend to this, places the defendant, in relation to such suit, on the same ground as other defendants, who are not peers, and a subpoena may then issue.

Evidence
Proof of fact(s) presented at a trial. The best and most common method is by oral testimony; where you have an eye-witness swear to tell the truth and to then relate to the court (or jury) their experience. Evidence is essential in convincing the judge or jury of your facts as the judge (or jury) is expected to start off with a blank slate; no preconceived idea or knowledge of the facts. So it is up to the opposing parties to prove (by providing evidence), to the satisfaction of the court (or jury), the facts needed to support their case. Besides oral testimony, an object can be deposited with the court (eg. a signed contract). This is sometimes called "real evidence." In other rarer cases, evidence can be circumstantial.

Payment
1) Contracts. That which is given to execute what has been promised; or it is the fulfilment of a promise. Solvere dicimus cum quis fecit, quod facere promisit. But though this is the general acceptation of the word, yet by payment is understood, every way by which the creditor is satisfied or ought to be, and the debtor, liberated for example, an accord and satisfaction will operate as a payment. 2) Pleadings. The name of a plea by which the defendant alleges that he has paid the debt claimed in the declaration; this plea must conclude to the country.

Person
This word is applied to men, women and children, who are called natural persons.

Stamp
Revenue. An impression made on paper, by order of the government, which must be used in reducing certain contracts to writing, for The purpose of raising a revenue.

Post
After. When two or more alienations or descents have taken place between an original intruder ant or defendant in a writ of entry, the writ is said to be in the post, because it states that the tenant had not entry unless after the ouster of the original intruder.

Office
An office is a right to exercise a public function or employment, and to take the fees and emoluments belonging to it

Department
A portion of a country.

Guilty
The state or condition of a person who has committed a crime, misdemeanor or offence. This word implies a malicious intent, and must be applied to something universally allowed to be a crime.

Felony
In some US states, any serious crime for which the possible maximum sentence is more than one year in prison. (Probation can be an alternative to prison in most felony crimes.)

Fine
"1) A sum of money, which, by judgment of a competent jurisdiction, is required to be paid for the punishment of an offence. 2) The amount paid by the tenant, on his entrance, to the lord. 3) A special kind of conveyance.

Hundred
English law. A district of country originally comprehending one hundred families. In many cases, when an offence is committed within the -hundred, the inhabitants tire civilly responsible to the party injured.

Imprisonment
1) The restraint of a person contrary to his will. Imprisonment is either lawful or unlawful; lawful imprisonment is used either for crimes or for the appearance of a party in a civil suit, or on arrest in execution. 2) Imprisonment for crimes is either for the appearance of a person accused, as when he cannot give bail; or it is the effect of a sentence, and then it is a part of the punishnient. 3) Imprisonment in civil cases takes place when a defendant on being sued on bailable process refuses or cannot give the bail legally demanded, or is under a capias ad satisfaciendum, when he is taken in execution under a judgment.

Years
Estate for years.



SIMILAR TERMS
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Post
After. When two or more alienations or descents have taken place between an original intruder ant or defendant in a writ of entry, the writ is said to be in the post, because it states that the tenant had not entry unless after the ouster of the original intruder.

Post date
To date an instrument a time after that on which it is made.

Post diem
After the day; as a plea of payment post diem, after the, day when the money became due.

Post disseisin, eng
English law. The name of a writ which, lies for him who, having recovered lands and tenements by force of a novel disseisin, is again disseised by a former disseisor.

Post entry
Maritime law. When a merchant makes an entry on the importation of, goods, and at the time he is not able to calculate exactly the duties which he is liable to pay, gave rise to the practice of allowing entries to be made after the goods have been weighed, measured or gauged, to make up the deficiency of the original or prime entry; the entry thus allowed to be made is called a post entry.

Post facto
After the fact.

Post litem motam
After the commencement of the suit.

Post mark
A stamp or, mark put on letters in the post office.

Post mortem
After death; as, an examination post mortem, is an examination made of a dead body to ascertain the cause of death; an inquisition post mortem, is one made by the coroner.

Post nati
Born after. This term is applied to persons who came to reside in tho United States after the declaration of independence. They are generally considered aliens, unless they become naturalized, or are otherwise so declared, by law. In Massachusetts, by statutory provision, and in Connecticut, by decision, a person born abroad, if he went there to reside before the treaty of peace of the 3d of September, 1783, is considered a citizen.

Post natus
Literally after born; it is used by the old law writers to designate the second son.

Post notes
A species of bank notes payable at a distant period, and not on demand. A kind of bank notes intended to be transmitted at a distance by post.

Post nuptial
Something which takes place after marriage; as a post nuptial settlement, which is a conveyance made generally by the hushand for the benefit of the wife.

Post obit
Contract. An agreement, by which the obligor borrows a certain sum of money and promises to pay a larger sum, exceeding the lawful rate of interest, upon the death of a person, from whom he has some expectation, if the obligor be then living.

Post office
A place where letters are received to be sent to the persons to whom they, are addressed.

Post-trial
Refers to items happening after the trial, i.e., post-trial motions or post-trial discovery.

Postage
The money charged by law for carrying letters, packets and documents by mail.

Postal rule
A rule of contract law that makes an exception to the general rule that an acceptance is only created when communicated directly to the offeror. An acceptance is binding and the contract is said to be perfected when the acceptor places this acceptance in the mail box for return mail even if, in fact, it never reaches the offeror. An 1892 British case summarized it as follows: "Where the circumstances are such that it must have been within the contemplation of the parties that, according to the ordinary usages of mankind, the post might be used as a means of communicating the acceptance of an offer, the acceptance is complete as soon as it is posted."

Postea
Practice. Afterwards. The endorsement on the nisi prius record purporting to be the return of the judge before whom a cause is tried, of, what has been done in respect of such record. It states the day of trial, before what judge, by name, the cause is tried, and also who is or was an associate of such judge; it also states the appearance of the parties by their respective attorneys, or their defaults; and the summoning and choice of the jury, whether those who were originally summoned, or those who were tales, or taken from the standers by; it then states the finding of the jury upon oath, and, according to the description of the action, and the assessment of the damages with the occasion thereof, together with the costs.

Posteriores
This term was used by the Romans to denote the descendant in a direct line beyond the sixth degree. It is still used in making genealogical tables.

Posteriority
Rights. Being or, coming after. It is a word of comparison, the correlative of which is priority; as, when a man holds lands from two landlords, he holds from his ancient landlord by priority and from the other by posteriority.

Posterity
Descents. All the descendants of a person in a direct line.

Posthumous child
After the death of its father; or, when the Caesarian operation is performed, after that of the mother.

Postils
Postillae. Marginal notes made in a book or writing for reference to other parts of the same, or some other book or writing.

Postliminium
That right in virtue of which persons and things taken by the enemy are restored to their former state, when coming again under the power of the nation to which they belong.

Postman
English law. A barrister in the court of exchequer, who has precedence in: motions.

Postmaster
An officer of the United States appointed by the postmaster general to hold his office. during the, plaasure of the former. Before entering on the duties of his office, he is required to give bond with surety to be approved by the postmaster general.

Postmaster general
The chief officer of the post office department of the United States. Various duties are imposed upon this officer by the acts of congress of March 3, 1825, and July 2, 1836, which will be found under the articles Mail; Post Office and Postage.

Postnuptial
A written contract between husband and wife that states all of their present and future rights in view of their impending divorce.

Postulatio
Roman civil law. The name given to the first act in a criminal proceeding. A person who wished to accuse another of a crime, appeared before the praetor and asked his authority for that purpose, designating the person intended. This act was called postulatio. The postulant (calumniam jurabat) made oath that he was not influenced by a spirit of calumny, but acted in good faith, with a view to the public interest. The praetor received this declaration, at, first made verbally, but afterwards in writing, and called a libel. The postulatio was posted lip in the forum, to give public notice of the names of the accuser and the accused. A second accuser sometimes appeared and went through the same formalities.



PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS
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Post notes
A species of bank notes payable at a distant period, and not on demand. A kind of bank notes intended to be transmitted at a distance by post.

Post nuptial
Something which takes place after marriage; as a post nuptial settlement, which is a conveyance made generally by the hushand for the benefit of the wife.

Post obit
Contract. An agreement, by which the obligor borrows a certain sum of money and promises to pay a larger sum, exceeding the lawful rate of interest, upon the death of a person, from whom he has some expectation, if the obligor be then living.

Post office
A place where letters are received to be sent to the persons to whom they, are addressed.

Postage
The money charged by law for carrying letters, packets and documents by mail.

Postage stamps

Postal rule
A rule of contract law that makes an exception to the general rule that an acceptance is only created when communicated directly to the offeror. An acceptance is binding and the contract is said to be perfected when the acceptor places this acceptance in the mail box for return mail even if, in fact, it never reaches the offeror. An 1892 British case summarized it as follows: "Where the circumstances are such that it must have been within the contemplation of the parties that, according to the ordinary usages of mankind, the post might be used as a means of communicating the acceptance of an offer, the acceptance is complete as soon as it is posted."

Postea
Practice. Afterwards. The endorsement on the nisi prius record purporting to be the return of the judge before whom a cause is tried, of, what has been done in respect of such record. It states the day of trial, before what judge, by name, the cause is tried, and also who is or was an associate of such judge; it also states the appearance of the parties by their respective attorneys, or their defaults; and the summoning and choice of the jury, whether those who were originally summoned, or those who were tales, or taken from the standers by; it then states the finding of the jury upon oath, and, according to the description of the action, and the assessment of the damages with the occasion thereof, together with the costs.

Posteriores
This term was used by the Romans to denote the descendant in a direct line beyond the sixth degree. It is still used in making genealogical tables.

Posteriority
Rights. Being or, coming after. It is a word of comparison, the correlative of which is priority; as, when a man holds lands from two landlords, he holds from his ancient landlord by priority and from the other by posteriority.

Posterity
Descents. All the descendants of a person in a direct line.

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This dictionary contains 8526 terms.







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