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| This dictionary contains: 8526 juridical terms |
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Bill
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Bill1) Legislation. An instrument drawn or presented by a member or committee to a legislative body for its approbation and enactment. After it has gone through both houses and received the constitutional sanction of the chief magistrate, where such approbation is requisite, it becomes a law. 2) Merchant law. An account containing the items of goods sold, or of work done by one person against another. 3) Contracts. A bill or obligation, is a deed whereby the obligor acknowledges himself to owe unto the obligee a certain sum of money or some other thing, in which, besides the names of the parties, are to be considered the sum or thing due, the time, place, and manner of payment or delivery thereof. It may be indented, or poll, and with or without a penalty.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Legislation
Written and approved laws. Also known as "statutes" or "acts." In constitutional law, one would talk of the "power to legislate" or the "legislative arm of government" referring to the power of political bodies (eg: house of assembly, Congress, Parliament) to write the laws of the land.
Instrument
Contracts. The writing which contains some agreement, and is so called because it has been prepared as a memorial of what has taken place or been agreed upon.
Member
This word has various significations:1)The limits of the body use- ful in self-defence. Membrum est pars corporis habens destinatum operationem in corpore. 2) An individual who belongs to a firm, partnership, company or corporation. 3) One who belongs to a legislative body, or other branch of the government; as, a member of the house of representatives; a member of the court.
Committee
1) Legislation. One or more members of a legislative body to whom is specially referred some matter before that body, in order that they may investigate and examine into it and report to those who delegated this authority to them. 2) When a person has been found non compos, the law requires that a guardian should be appointed to take care of his person and estate; this guardian is called the committee.
Body
A person.
Enactment
A law or a statute; a document which is published as an enforceable set of written rules is said to be "enacted".
Constitutional
Pertaining to the Constitution, the country's main and highest piece of legislation.
Sanction
That part of a law which inflicts a penalty for its violation, or bestows a reward for its observance. Sanctions are of two kinds, those which redress civil injuries, called civil sanctions; and those which punish crimes, called penal sanctions.
Chief
Principal. One who is put above the rest.
Magistrate
Mun. law. A public civil officer, invested with some part of the legislative, executive, or judicial power given by the constitution. In a narrower sense this term includes only inferior judicial officers, as justices of the peace.
Law
A rule or body of rules of conduct inherent in human nature and essential to or binding upon human society. The learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system.
Merchant
One whose business it is to buy and sell merchandise; this applies to all persons who habitually trade in merchandise.
Account
Practice. 1) A statement of the receipts and payments of an executor, administrator, or other trustee, of the estate confided to him. 2) An account is also the statement of two merchants or others who have dealt together, showing the debits and credits between them.
Person
This word is applied to men, women and children, who are called natural persons.
Bill
1) Legislation. An instrument drawn or presented by a member or committee to a legislative body for its approbation and enactment. After it has gone through both houses and received the constitutional sanction of the chief magistrate, where such approbation is requisite, it becomes a law. 2) Merchant law. An account containing the items of goods sold, or of work done by one person against another. 3) Contracts. A bill or obligation, is a deed whereby the obligor acknowledges himself to owe unto the obligee a certain sum of money or some other thing, in which, besides the names of the parties, are to be considered the sum or thing due, the time, place, and manner of payment or delivery thereof. It may be indented, or poll, and with or without a penalty.
Obligation
In its general and most extensive sense, obligation is synony- mous with duty. In a more technical meaning, it is a tie which binds us to pay or to do something agreeably to the laws and customs of the country in which the obligation is made.
Deed
Only in relatively rare circumstances is a deed required to complete a transaction. In a commercial situation the most common use is where a variation or concession is made without the other party giving anything in return. A deed is enforceable regardless of the legal requirements for contracts such as the need for consideration. Where a deed is necessary, there are special requirements for a company wishing to enter into such an arrangement which may either involve use of the company or the signature of two directors or a director and a company secretary.
Obligor
The person who owes money or property as the result of a judgment.
Obligee
Obligee or creditor. Contracts. The person in favor of whom some obliga- tion is contracted, whether such obligation be to pay money, or to do, or not to do something.
Money
Gold, silver, and some other less precious metals, in the progress of civilization and commerce, have become the common standards of value; in order to avoid the delay and inconvenience of regulating their weight and quality whenever passed, the governments of the civilized world have caused them to be manufactured in certain portions, and marked with a Stamp which attests their value; this is called money.
Parties
Contracts. Those persons who engage themselves to do, or not to do the matters and things contained in an agreement.
Due
What ought to be paid; what may be demanded.
Time
Contracts, evidence, practice. The measure of duration., It is divided into years, months. days, hours, minutes, and seconds. It is also divided into day and night. 2) Pleading. The avertment of time is generally necessary in pleading; the rules are different, in different actions.
Place
Pleading, evidence. A particular portion of space; locality.
Payment
1) Contracts. That which is given to execute what has been promised; or it is the fulfilment of a promise. Solvere dicimus cum quis fecit, quod facere promisit. But though this is the general acceptation of the word, yet by payment is understood, every way by which the creditor is satisfied or ought to be, and the debtor, liberated for example, an accord and satisfaction will operate as a payment. 2) Pleadings. The name of a plea by which the defendant alleges that he has paid the debt claimed in the declaration; this plea must conclude to the country.
Poll
A head. Hence poll tax is the name of a tax imposed upon the people at so much a head. 2. To poll a jury is to require that each juror shall himself declare what is his verdict. This may be done at the instance of either party, at any time before the verdict is recorded.
Without
Pleading. This word is adopted in formal traverses, and is a negative signifying "and not for;" accordingly the language of the elder entries sometimes is, It et nemy pur tiel cause.
Penalty
Contracts. A clause in an agreement, by which the obligor agrees to pay a certain-sum of money, if he shall fail to fulfil the contract contained in another clause of the same agreement.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Bigamy
Being married to more than one person at the same time. This is a criminal offence in most countries.
Bigham clause
A clause inserted into most non-separation agreements, whereby the cargo owner's share of any general average contribution payable under such an agreement may not exceed the cost that the cargo owner would have incurred had his cargo been delivered to him at the port of refuge and then been forwarded to destination at his expense.
Bilan
A book in which bankers, merchants and traders write a statement of all they owe and all that is due to them.
Bilateral contract
Civil law. A contract in which both the contracting parties are bound to fulfil obligations reciprocally towards each other
Bilinguis
English law. One who uses two tongues or languages.
Bill
Bill 0f cost
Practice. A statement of the items which form the total amount of the costs of a suit or action.
Bill obligatory
An instrument in common use and too well known to be misunderstood. It is a bond without condition, sometimes called a single bill, and differs in nothing from a promissory note, but the seal which is affixed to it.
Bill of adventure
Com. law, contracts. A writing signed by a merchant, to testify that the goods shipped on board a certain vessel belong to another person who is to take the hazard, the subscriber signing only to oblige himself to account to him, for the proceeds.
Bill of attainder
Legislation, punishment. An act of the legislature by which one or more persons are declared to be attainted, and their property confiscated.
Bill of conformity
The name of a bill filed by an executor or administrator, who finds the affairs of the deceased so much involved that he cannot safely administer the estate, except under the direction of a court of chancery. This bill is filed against the creditors generally, for the purpose of having all their claims adjusted, and procuring a final decree settling the order of payment of the assets.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Legislation
Written and approved laws. Also known as "statutes" or "acts." In constitutional law, one would talk of the "power to legislate" or the "legislative arm of government" referring to the power of political bodies (eg: house of assembly, Congress, Parliament) to write the laws of the land.
Instrument
Contracts. The writing which contains some agreement, and is so called because it has been prepared as a memorial of what has taken place or been agreed upon.
Member
This word has various significations:1)The limits of the body use- ful in self-defence. Membrum est pars corporis habens destinatum operationem in corpore. 2) An individual who belongs to a firm, partnership, company or corporation. 3) One who belongs to a legislative body, or other branch of the government; as, a member of the house of representatives; a member of the court.
Committee
1) Legislation. One or more members of a legislative body to whom is specially referred some matter before that body, in order that they may investigate and examine into it and report to those who delegated this authority to them. 2) When a person has been found non compos, the law requires that a guardian should be appointed to take care of his person and estate; this guardian is called the committee.
Body
A person.
Enactment
A law or a statute; a document which is published as an enforceable set of written rules is said to be "enacted".
Constitutional
Pertaining to the Constitution, the country's main and highest piece of legislation.
Sanction
That part of a law which inflicts a penalty for its violation, or bestows a reward for its observance. Sanctions are of two kinds, those which redress civil injuries, called civil sanctions; and those which punish crimes, called penal sanctions.
Chief
Principal. One who is put above the rest.
Magistrate
Mun. law. A public civil officer, invested with some part of the legislative, executive, or judicial power given by the constitution. In a narrower sense this term includes only inferior judicial officers, as justices of the peace.
Law
A rule or body of rules of conduct inherent in human nature and essential to or binding upon human society. The learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system.
Merchant
One whose business it is to buy and sell merchandise; this applies to all persons who habitually trade in merchandise.
Account
Practice. 1) A statement of the receipts and payments of an executor, administrator, or other trustee, of the estate confided to him. 2) An account is also the statement of two merchants or others who have dealt together, showing the debits and credits between them.
Person
This word is applied to men, women and children, who are called natural persons.
Bill
1) Legislation. An instrument drawn or presented by a member or committee to a legislative body for its approbation and enactment. After it has gone through both houses and received the constitutional sanction of the chief magistrate, where such approbation is requisite, it becomes a law. 2) Merchant law. An account containing the items of goods sold, or of work done by one person against another. 3) Contracts. A bill or obligation, is a deed whereby the obligor acknowledges himself to owe unto the obligee a certain sum of money or some other thing, in which, besides the names of the parties, are to be considered the sum or thing due, the time, place, and manner of payment or delivery thereof. It may be indented, or poll, and with or without a penalty.
Obligation
In its general and most extensive sense, obligation is synony- mous with duty. In a more technical meaning, it is a tie which binds us to pay or to do something agreeably to the laws and customs of the country in which the obligation is made.
Deed
Only in relatively rare circumstances is a deed required to complete a transaction. In a commercial situation the most common use is where a variation or concession is made without the other party giving anything in return. A deed is enforceable regardless of the legal requirements for contracts such as the need for consideration. Where a deed is necessary, there are special requirements for a company wishing to enter into such an arrangement which may either involve use of the company or the signature of two directors or a director and a company secretary.
Obligor
The person who owes money or property as the result of a judgment.
Obligee
Obligee or creditor. Contracts. The person in favor of whom some obliga- tion is contracted, whether such obligation be to pay money, or to do, or not to do something.
Money
Gold, silver, and some other less precious metals, in the progress of civilization and commerce, have become the common standards of value; in order to avoid the delay and inconvenience of regulating their weight and quality whenever passed, the governments of the civilized world have caused them to be manufactured in certain portions, and marked with a Stamp which attests their value; this is called money.
Parties
Contracts. Those persons who engage themselves to do, or not to do the matters and things contained in an agreement.
Due
What ought to be paid; what may be demanded.
Time
Contracts, evidence, practice. The measure of duration., It is divided into years, months. days, hours, minutes, and seconds. It is also divided into day and night. 2) Pleading. The avertment of time is generally necessary in pleading; the rules are different, in different actions.
Place
Pleading, evidence. A particular portion of space; locality.
Payment
1) Contracts. That which is given to execute what has been promised; or it is the fulfilment of a promise. Solvere dicimus cum quis fecit, quod facere promisit. But though this is the general acceptation of the word, yet by payment is understood, every way by which the creditor is satisfied or ought to be, and the debtor, liberated for example, an accord and satisfaction will operate as a payment. 2) Pleadings. The name of a plea by which the defendant alleges that he has paid the debt claimed in the declaration; this plea must conclude to the country.
Poll
A head. Hence poll tax is the name of a tax imposed upon the people at so much a head. 2. To poll a jury is to require that each juror shall himself declare what is his verdict. This may be done at the instance of either party, at any time before the verdict is recorded.
Without
Pleading. This word is adopted in formal traverses, and is a negative signifying "and not for;" accordingly the language of the elder entries sometimes is, It et nemy pur tiel cause.
Penalty
Contracts. A clause in an agreement, by which the obligor agrees to pay a certain-sum of money, if he shall fail to fulfil the contract contained in another clause of the same agreement.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Bigamy
Being married to more than one person at the same time. This is a criminal offence in most countries.
Bigham clause
A clause inserted into most non-separation agreements, whereby the cargo owner's share of any general average contribution payable under such an agreement may not exceed the cost that the cargo owner would have incurred had his cargo been delivered to him at the port of refuge and then been forwarded to destination at his expense.
Bilan
A book in which bankers, merchants and traders write a statement of all they owe and all that is due to them.
Bilateral contract
Civil law. A contract in which both the contracting parties are bound to fulfil obligations reciprocally towards each other
Bilinguis
English law. One who uses two tongues or languages.
Bill
Bill 0f cost
Practice. A statement of the items which form the total amount of the costs of a suit or action.
Bill obligatory
An instrument in common use and too well known to be misunderstood. It is a bond without condition, sometimes called a single bill, and differs in nothing from a promissory note, but the seal which is affixed to it.
Bill of adventure
Com. law, contracts. A writing signed by a merchant, to testify that the goods shipped on board a certain vessel belong to another person who is to take the hazard, the subscriber signing only to oblige himself to account to him, for the proceeds.
Bill of attainder
Legislation, punishment. An act of the legislature by which one or more persons are declared to be attainted, and their property confiscated.
Bill of conformity
The name of a bill filed by an executor or administrator, who finds the affairs of the deceased so much involved that he cannot safely administer the estate, except under the direction of a court of chancery. This bill is filed against the creditors generally, for the purpose of having all their claims adjusted, and procuring a final decree settling the order of payment of the assets.
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This dictionary contains 8526 terms.
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