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| This dictionary contains: 8526 juridical terms |
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Beneficium competentiae
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Beneficium competentiaeThe right which an insolvent debtor had, among the Romans, on making session of his property for the benefit of his creditors, to retain what was required for him to live honestly according to his condition.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Right
1) Sometimes it signifies a law, as when we say that natural right requires us to keep our promises, or that it commands restitution, or that it forbids murder. In our language it is seldom used in this sense. 2) It sometimes means that quality in our actions by which they are denominated just ones. This is usually denominated rectitude. 3) It is that quality in a person by which he can do certain actions, or possess certain things which belong to him by virtue of some title. In this sense, we use it when we say that a man has a right to his estate or a right to defend himself.
Insolvent
1) It signifies a person whose estate is not sufficient to pay his debts. 2) A person is also said to be insolvent, who is under a present inability to answer, in the ordinary course of business, the responsibility which his creditors may enforce, by recourse to legal measures, without reference to his estate proving sufficient to pay all his debts, when ultimately wound up. 3) It signifies the situation of a person who has done some notorious act to divest himself of all his property, as a general assignment, or an application for relief, under bankrupt or insolvent laws.
Debtor
Debtor or obligor. The person who has engaged to perform some obligation. The word obligor, in its more technical signification, is applied to designate one who makes a bond.
Session
The time during which a legislative body, a court or other assembly sits for the transaction of business; as, a session of congress, which commences on the day appointed by the constitution, and ends when congress finally adjourns before the commencement of the next session; the session of a court, which commences at the day appointed by law, and ends when the court finally rises a term.
Property
Property is commonly thought of as a thing which belongs to someone and over which a person has total control. But, legally, it is more properly defined as a collection of legal rights over a thing. These rights are usually total and fully enforceable by the state or the owner against others. It has been said that "property and law were born and die together. Before laws were made there was no property. Take away laws and property ceases." before laws were written and enforced, property had no relevance. Possession was all that mattered. There are many classifications of property, the most common being between real property or immoveable property (real estate such as land or buildings) and "chattel", or "moveable" (things which are not attached to the land such as a bicycle, a car or a hammer) and between public (property belonging to everybody or to the state) and private property.
Benefit
This word is used in the same sense as gain and profits.
Condition
Persons. The situation in civil society which creates certain relations between the individual, to whom it is applied, and one or more others, from which mutual rights and obligations arise.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Benefice
Ecclesiastical law. In its most extended sense, any ecclesiastical preferment or dignity.
Beneficial
Of advantage, profit or interest; as the wife has a beneficial interest in property held by a trustee for her.
Beneficial interest
The right of a party to some profit, distribution, or benefit from a contract or trust. A beneficial interest is distinguished from the rights of someone like a trustee or official who has responsibility to perform and/or title to the assets but does not share in the benefits.
Beneficial owner
A term usually referring to the registered shipowner, but which may also designate another party having the equitable ownership of the vessel where it is operated under the cloak of a trust.
Beneficiaries
Aliens on whose behalf a U.S. citizen, legal permanent resident, or employer have filed a petition for such aliens to receive immigration benefits from the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. Beneficiaries generally receive a lawful status as a result of their relationship to a U.S. citizen, lawful permanent resident, or U.S. employer.
Beneficiary
A broad definition for any person or entity who is to receive assets or profits from an estate, a trust, an insurance policy or any instrument in which there is distribution.
Beneficiary heir
Civil law. Beneficiary heirs are those who have accepted the succession under the benefit of an inventory regularly made. If the heir apprehend that the succession-will be burdened with debts beyond its value, he accepts with benefit of inventory, and in that case he is responsible only for the value of the succession.
Beneficio primo ecclesiastico habendo
English Ecclesiastical law. A writ directed from the king to the chancellor, commanding him to bestow the benefice which shall first fall in the king's gift, above or under a certain value, upon a particular and certain person.
Benefit
This word is used in the same sense as gain and profits.
Benefit of cession
Civil law. The release of a debtor from future imprisonment for his debts, which the law operates in his favor upon the surrender of his property for the benefit of his creditors.
Benefit of clergy
English law. An exemption of the punishment of death which the laws impose on the commission of certain crimes, on the culprit demanding it.
Benefit of discussion
Civil law. The right which a surety has to cause the property of the principal debtor to be applied in satisfaction of the obligation in the first instance.
Benefit of division
In the civil law, which, in this respect, has been adopted in Louisiana, although, when there are several sureties, each one is bound for the whole debt, yet when one of them is sued alone, he has a right to have the debt apportioned among all the solvent sureties on the same obligation, so that he shall be compelled to pay his own share only.
Benefit of inventory
Civil law. The benefit of inventory is the privilege which the heir obtains of being liable for the charges and debts of the succession, only to the value of the effects of the succession, in causing an inventory of these effects within the time and manner proscribed by law.
Benevolence
1) Duty. The doing a kind action to another, from mere good will, without any legal obligation. 2) English law. An aid given by the subjects to the king under a pretended gratuity, but in realty it was an extortion and imposition.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Beneficial owner
A term usually referring to the registered shipowner, but which may also designate another party having the equitable ownership of the vessel where it is operated under the cloak of a trust.
Beneficiaries
Aliens on whose behalf a U.S. citizen, legal permanent resident, or employer have filed a petition for such aliens to receive immigration benefits from the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. Beneficiaries generally receive a lawful status as a result of their relationship to a U.S. citizen, lawful permanent resident, or U.S. employer.
Beneficiary
A broad definition for any person or entity who is to receive assets or profits from an estate, a trust, an insurance policy or any instrument in which there is distribution.
Beneficiary heir
Civil law. Beneficiary heirs are those who have accepted the succession under the benefit of an inventory regularly made. If the heir apprehend that the succession-will be burdened with debts beyond its value, he accepts with benefit of inventory, and in that case he is responsible only for the value of the succession.
Beneficio primo ecclesiastico habendo
English Ecclesiastical law. A writ directed from the king to the chancellor, commanding him to bestow the benefice which shall first fall in the king's gift, above or under a certain value, upon a particular and certain person.
Beneficium competentiae
Benefit
This word is used in the same sense as gain and profits.
Benefit of cession
Civil law. The release of a debtor from future imprisonment for his debts, which the law operates in his favor upon the surrender of his property for the benefit of his creditors.
Benefit of clergy
English law. An exemption of the punishment of death which the laws impose on the commission of certain crimes, on the culprit demanding it.
Benefit of discussion
Civil law. The right which a surety has to cause the property of the principal debtor to be applied in satisfaction of the obligation in the first instance.
Benefit of division
In the civil law, which, in this respect, has been adopted in Louisiana, although, when there are several sureties, each one is bound for the whole debt, yet when one of them is sued alone, he has a right to have the debt apportioned among all the solvent sureties on the same obligation, so that he shall be compelled to pay his own share only.
RELATED TERMS--------------------------------------
Right
1) Sometimes it signifies a law, as when we say that natural right requires us to keep our promises, or that it commands restitution, or that it forbids murder. In our language it is seldom used in this sense. 2) It sometimes means that quality in our actions by which they are denominated just ones. This is usually denominated rectitude. 3) It is that quality in a person by which he can do certain actions, or possess certain things which belong to him by virtue of some title. In this sense, we use it when we say that a man has a right to his estate or a right to defend himself.
Insolvent
1) It signifies a person whose estate is not sufficient to pay his debts. 2) A person is also said to be insolvent, who is under a present inability to answer, in the ordinary course of business, the responsibility which his creditors may enforce, by recourse to legal measures, without reference to his estate proving sufficient to pay all his debts, when ultimately wound up. 3) It signifies the situation of a person who has done some notorious act to divest himself of all his property, as a general assignment, or an application for relief, under bankrupt or insolvent laws.
Debtor
Debtor or obligor. The person who has engaged to perform some obligation. The word obligor, in its more technical signification, is applied to designate one who makes a bond.
Session
The time during which a legislative body, a court or other assembly sits for the transaction of business; as, a session of congress, which commences on the day appointed by the constitution, and ends when congress finally adjourns before the commencement of the next session; the session of a court, which commences at the day appointed by law, and ends when the court finally rises a term.
Property
Property is commonly thought of as a thing which belongs to someone and over which a person has total control. But, legally, it is more properly defined as a collection of legal rights over a thing. These rights are usually total and fully enforceable by the state or the owner against others. It has been said that "property and law were born and die together. Before laws were made there was no property. Take away laws and property ceases." before laws were written and enforced, property had no relevance. Possession was all that mattered. There are many classifications of property, the most common being between real property or immoveable property (real estate such as land or buildings) and "chattel", or "moveable" (things which are not attached to the land such as a bicycle, a car or a hammer) and between public (property belonging to everybody or to the state) and private property.
Benefit
This word is used in the same sense as gain and profits.
Condition
Persons. The situation in civil society which creates certain relations between the individual, to whom it is applied, and one or more others, from which mutual rights and obligations arise.
SIMILAR TERMS--------------------------------------
Benefice
Ecclesiastical law. In its most extended sense, any ecclesiastical preferment or dignity.
Beneficial
Of advantage, profit or interest; as the wife has a beneficial interest in property held by a trustee for her.
Beneficial interest
The right of a party to some profit, distribution, or benefit from a contract or trust. A beneficial interest is distinguished from the rights of someone like a trustee or official who has responsibility to perform and/or title to the assets but does not share in the benefits.
Beneficial owner
A term usually referring to the registered shipowner, but which may also designate another party having the equitable ownership of the vessel where it is operated under the cloak of a trust.
Beneficiaries
Aliens on whose behalf a U.S. citizen, legal permanent resident, or employer have filed a petition for such aliens to receive immigration benefits from the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. Beneficiaries generally receive a lawful status as a result of their relationship to a U.S. citizen, lawful permanent resident, or U.S. employer.
Beneficiary
A broad definition for any person or entity who is to receive assets or profits from an estate, a trust, an insurance policy or any instrument in which there is distribution.
Beneficiary heir
Civil law. Beneficiary heirs are those who have accepted the succession under the benefit of an inventory regularly made. If the heir apprehend that the succession-will be burdened with debts beyond its value, he accepts with benefit of inventory, and in that case he is responsible only for the value of the succession.
Beneficio primo ecclesiastico habendo
English Ecclesiastical law. A writ directed from the king to the chancellor, commanding him to bestow the benefice which shall first fall in the king's gift, above or under a certain value, upon a particular and certain person.
Benefit
This word is used in the same sense as gain and profits.
Benefit of cession
Civil law. The release of a debtor from future imprisonment for his debts, which the law operates in his favor upon the surrender of his property for the benefit of his creditors.
Benefit of clergy
English law. An exemption of the punishment of death which the laws impose on the commission of certain crimes, on the culprit demanding it.
Benefit of discussion
Civil law. The right which a surety has to cause the property of the principal debtor to be applied in satisfaction of the obligation in the first instance.
Benefit of division
In the civil law, which, in this respect, has been adopted in Louisiana, although, when there are several sureties, each one is bound for the whole debt, yet when one of them is sued alone, he has a right to have the debt apportioned among all the solvent sureties on the same obligation, so that he shall be compelled to pay his own share only.
Benefit of inventory
Civil law. The benefit of inventory is the privilege which the heir obtains of being liable for the charges and debts of the succession, only to the value of the effects of the succession, in causing an inventory of these effects within the time and manner proscribed by law.
Benevolence
1) Duty. The doing a kind action to another, from mere good will, without any legal obligation. 2) English law. An aid given by the subjects to the king under a pretended gratuity, but in realty it was an extortion and imposition.
PREVIOUS AND NEXT TERMS--------------------------------------
Beneficial owner
A term usually referring to the registered shipowner, but which may also designate another party having the equitable ownership of the vessel where it is operated under the cloak of a trust.
Beneficiaries
Aliens on whose behalf a U.S. citizen, legal permanent resident, or employer have filed a petition for such aliens to receive immigration benefits from the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. Beneficiaries generally receive a lawful status as a result of their relationship to a U.S. citizen, lawful permanent resident, or U.S. employer.
Beneficiary
A broad definition for any person or entity who is to receive assets or profits from an estate, a trust, an insurance policy or any instrument in which there is distribution.
Beneficiary heir
Civil law. Beneficiary heirs are those who have accepted the succession under the benefit of an inventory regularly made. If the heir apprehend that the succession-will be burdened with debts beyond its value, he accepts with benefit of inventory, and in that case he is responsible only for the value of the succession.
Beneficio primo ecclesiastico habendo
English Ecclesiastical law. A writ directed from the king to the chancellor, commanding him to bestow the benefice which shall first fall in the king's gift, above or under a certain value, upon a particular and certain person.
Beneficium competentiae
Benefit
This word is used in the same sense as gain and profits.
Benefit of cession
Civil law. The release of a debtor from future imprisonment for his debts, which the law operates in his favor upon the surrender of his property for the benefit of his creditors.
Benefit of clergy
English law. An exemption of the punishment of death which the laws impose on the commission of certain crimes, on the culprit demanding it.
Benefit of discussion
Civil law. The right which a surety has to cause the property of the principal debtor to be applied in satisfaction of the obligation in the first instance.
Benefit of division
In the civil law, which, in this respect, has been adopted in Louisiana, although, when there are several sureties, each one is bound for the whole debt, yet when one of them is sued alone, he has a right to have the debt apportioned among all the solvent sureties on the same obligation, so that he shall be compelled to pay his own share only.
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This dictionary contains 8526 terms.
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